EnglishCoo – Kata Kerja Tidak Beraturan atau disebut juga Irregular Verb dan Artinya dibahas di sini. Jenis kata kerja bahasa Inggris ini adalah salah satu materi dasar untuk pemula.
Apa yang dimaksud dengan Kata Kerja Tak Beraturan atau Irregular Verb?
Pengertian Kata Kerja Tidak Beraturan (Irregular Verb)
Kata Kerja Tidak Beraturan adalah jenis kata kerja mengalami perubahan verb 1, verb 2, dan verb 3 secara tak beraturan.
Lawan kata dari tak beraturan (irregular) adalah beraturan atau regular.
Kata kerja umumnya mengalami perubahan secara teratur (regular) dengan penambahan akhiran -d atau -ed. Misalnya:
- verb 1 – verb 2 – verb 3
- work – worked – worked (bekerja)
- talk – talked – talked (berbicara)
- decide – decided – decided (memutuskan)
- invite – invited – invited (mengundang)
Tapi kata kerja tidak beraturan mengalami perubahan secara tak teraturan (irregular), alias tanpa pola tertentu.
Misalnya:
- verb 1 – verb 2 – verb 3
- do – did – done (melakukan)
- eat – ate – eaten (makan)
- buy – bought – bought (membeli)
- give – gave given (memberi)
- cut -cut – cut (memotong)
Apakah kamu bisa melihat perubahan kata kerja tidak beraturan di atas. Memang perubahannya tidak ada pola tertentu.
Bahkan ada kata kerja irregular tidak mengalami perubahan sama sekali seperti cut yang berarti memotong.
Daftar Kata Kerja Tidak Beraturan (Irregular Verb) dan Artinya
Masih ada banyak contoh kata kerja tidak beraturan alias Irregular Verbs dan Artinya. Ada Verb 1, Verb 2, Verb 3, dan Verb ing.
| Verb1 – Verb2 – Verb3 – Verb-ing | Artinya |
|---|---|
| arise – arose – arisen – arising | timbul, muncul |
| be – was, were – been – being | menjadi |
| bear – bore – born/borne – bearing | melahirkan |
| beat – beat – beaten/beat – beating | mengalahkan |
| become – became – become – becoming | menjadi |
| befall – befell – befallen – befalling | menimpa |
| begin – began – begun – beginning | memulai |
| bend – bent – bent – bending | membungkuk, menekuk |
| beset – beset – beset – besetting | menimpa, mengelilingi |
| bet – bet/betted – bet/betted – betting | bertaruh |
| bite – bit – bitten – biting | menggigit |
| bleed – bled – bled – bleeding | berdarah |
| blow – blew – blown – blowing | meniup, berhembus |
| break – broke – broken – breaking | memecahkan |
| bring – brought – brought – bringing | membawa |
| build – built – built – building | membangun |
| burn – burned/burnt – burned/burnt – burning | membakar |
| burst – burst – burst – bursting | meletus |
| buy – bought – bought – buying | membeli |
| cast – cast – cast – casting | melemparkan |
| catch – caught – caught – catching | menangkap |
| choose – chose – chosen – choosing | memilih |
| cling – clung – clung – clinging | melekat |
| come – came – come – coming | datang |
| cost – cost/costed – cost/costed – costing | menghabiskan (biaya) |
| creep – crept – crept – creeping | merayap |
| cut – cut – cut – cutting | memotong |
| deal – dealt – dealt – dealing | berurusan |
| dig – dug – dug – digging | menggali |
| do – did – done – doing | melakukan |
| draw – drew – drawn – drawing | menggambar |
| dream – -ed/dreamt – -ed/dreamt – dreaming | bermimpi |
| drink – drank – drunk – drinking | minum |
| drive – drove – driven – driving | mendorong, menyetir |
| eat – ate – eaten – eating | makan |
| fall – fell – fallen – falling | jatuh |
| feed – fed – fed – feeding | memberi makan |
| feel – felt – felt – feeling | merasa |
| fight – fought – fought – fighting | berkelahi |
| find – found – found – finding | menemukan |
| fly – flew – flown – flying | terbang |
| forbid – forbade – forbidden – forbidding | melarang |
| forecast – forecast – forecast – forecasting | meramal cuaca |
| foresee – foresaw – foreseen – foreseeing | meramalkan |
| foretell – foretold – foretold – foretelling | meramalkan |
| forget – forgot – forgotten/forgot – forgetting | lupa, melupakan |
| forgive – forgave – forgiven – forgiving | memaafkan |
| freeze – froze – frozen – freezing | membekukan |
| get – got – gotten/got – getting | mendapatkan |
| give – gave – given – giving | memberikan |
| go – went – gone – going | pergi |
| grow – grew – grown – growing | tumbuh |
| hang – hung – hung – hanging | menggantung |
| have – had – had – having | memiliki |
| hear – heard – heard – hearing | mendengar |
| hide – hid – hidden – hiding | menyembunyikan |
| hit – hit – hit – hitting | memukul |
| hold – held – held – holding | memegang |
| hurt – hurt – hurt – hurting | menyakiti |
| keep – kept – kept – keeping | menjaga |
| kneel – knelt/-ed – knelt/-ed – kneeling | berlutut |
| knit – knitted/knit – knitted/knit – knitting | merajut |
| know – knew – known – knowing | tahu, mengetahui |
| lay – laid – laid – laying | meletakkan |
| lead – led – led – leading | memimpin |
| lean – -ed/leant – -ed/leant – leaning | bersandar |
| leap – -ed/leapt – -ed/leapt – leaping | melompat |
| learn – -ed/learnt – -ed/learnt – learning | belajar |
| leave – left – left – leaving | meninggalkan |
| lend – lent – lent – lending | meminjamkan |
| let – let – let – letting | membiarkan |
| lie – lay – lain – lying | berbaring |
| light – lit/lighted – lit/lighted – lighting | menyalakan |
| lose – lost – lost – losing | kalah, kehilangan |
| make – made – made – making | membuat |
| mean – meant – meant – meaning | berarti |
| meet – met – met – meeting | bertemu |
| mislay – mislaid – mislaid – mislaying | salah meletakkan |
| mislead – misled – misled – misleading | menyesatkan |
| misspell – -ed/misspelt – -ed/misspelt – misspelling | salah mengeja |
| mistake – mistook – mistaken – mistaking | berbuat salah |
| mow – mowed – mowed/mown – mowing | memotong rumput |
| outdo – outdid – outdone – outdoing | mengalahkan |
| outgrow – outgrew – outgrown – outgrowing | tumbuh lebih besar |
| outshine – outshone – outshone – outshining | lebih cemerlang dari |
| overcome – overcame – overcome – overcoming | mengatasi |
| overhear – overheard – overheard – overhearing | menguping |
| overpay – overpaid – overpaid – overpaying | membayar lebih |
| overrun – overran – overrun – overrunning | menyerbu |
| oversee – oversaw – overseen – overseeing | mengawasi |
| overshoot – overshot – overshot – overshooting | melampaui |
| oversleep – overslept – overslept – oversleeping | ketiduran, kesiangan |
| overtake – overtook – overtaken – overtaking | menyusul |
| overthrow – overthrew – overthrown – overthrowing | menggulingkan |
| overwrite – overwrote – overwritten – overwriting | menulis terlalu banyak |
| partake – partook – partaken – partaking | mengambil bagian |
| pay – paid – paid – paying | membayar |
| prepay – prepaid – prepaid – prepaying | membayar di awal |
| proofread – proofread – proofread – proofreading | mengoreksi |
| prove – proved – proven – proving | membuktikan |
| put – put – put – putting | meletakkan, menaruh |
| quit – quit – quit – quitting | berhenti |
| read – read – read – reading | membaca |
| rebuild – rebuilt – rebuilt – rebuilding | membangun kembali |
| repay – repaid – repaid – repaying | membayar kembali |
| rethink – rethought – rethought – rethinking | memikirkan kembali |
| rewind – rewound – rewound – rewinding | memundurkan (audio/video) |
| rewrite – rewrote – rewritten – rewriting | menulis kembali |
| rid – rid – rid – ridding | membersihkan |
| ride – rode – ridden – riding | mengendarai |
| ring – rang – rung – ringing | berdering |
| rise – rose – risen – rising | naik, terbit |
| run – ran – run – running | berlari |
| saw – sawed – sawed/sawn – sawing | menggergaji |
| say – said – said – saying | mengatakan |
| see – saw – seen – seeing | melihat |
| seek – sought – sought – seeking | mencari |
| sell – sold – sold – selling | menjual |
| send – sent – sent – sending | mengirim |
| set – set – set – setting | mengatur |
| sew – sewed – sewn – sewing | menjahit |
| shake – shook – shaken – shaking | menggoyang |
| shear – sheared – sheared/shorn – shearing | mencukur |
| shed – shed – shed – shedding | menumpahkan |
| shine – shone – shone – shining | bersinar |
| shoe – shod – shod – shoeing | memberi tapal besi |
| shoot – shot – shot – shooting | menembak |
| show – showed – shown – showing | menunjukkan |
| shrink – shrank – shrunk – shrinking | menyusut |
| shut – shut – shut – shutting | menutup |
| sing – sang – sung – singing | bernyanyi |
| sink – sank – sunk – sinking | tenggelam |
| sit – sat – sat – sitting | duduk |
| slay – slew – slain – slaying | membunuh |
| sleep – slept – slept – sleeping | tidur |
| slide – slid – slid – sliding | meluncur |
| sling – slung – slung – slinging | melemparkan |
| slink – slunk – slunk – slinking | mengendap-endap |
| slit – slit – slit – slitting | membuat celah |
| smell – -ed/smelt – -ed/smelt – smelling | mencium (bau) |
| sow – sowed – sown/sowed – sowing | menaburkan |
| speak – spoke – spoken – speaking | berbicara |
| speed – sped/-ed – sped/-ed – speeding | mempercepat |
| spell – -ed/spelt – -ed/spelt – spelling | mengeja |
| spend – spent – spent – spending | menghabiskan |
| spill – -ed/spilt – -ed/spilt – spilling | menumpahkan |
| spin – spun – spun – spinning | berputar |
| spit – spat – spat – spitting | meludah |
| split – split – split – splitting | membagi |
| spread – spread – spread – spreading | menyebar |
| spring – sprang – sprung – springing | meloncat, muncul |
| stand – stood – stood – standing | berdiri |
| steal – stole – stolen – stealing | mencuri |
| stick – stuck – stuck – sticking | melekat, menempelkan |
| sting – stung – stung – stinging | menyengat |
| stink – stank – stunk – stinking | berbau busuk/keras |
| stride – strode – stridden – striding | melangkahi |
| strike – struck – struck – striking | menyerang |
| string – strung – strung – stringing | merentangkan |
| strive – strove – striven – striving | berjuang |
| swear – swore – sworn – swearing | bersumpah |
| sweep – swept – swept – sweeping | menyapu |
| swim – swam – swum – swimming | berenang |
| swing – swung – swung – swinging | berayun |
| take – took – taken – taking | mengambil |
| teach – taught – taught – teaching | mengajar |
| tear – tore – torn – tearing | merobek |
| tell – told – told – telling | menceritakan |
| think – thought – thought – thinking | berpikir |
| throw – threw – thrown – throwing | melemparkan |
| understand – understood – understood – understanding | memahami |
| undertake – undertook – undertaken – undertaking | melakukan |
| undo – undid – undone – undoing | membuka, melepaskan |
| unwind – unwound – unwound – unwinding | beristirahat |
| upset – upset – upset – upsetting | kecewa |
| wake – woke – woken – waking | bangun |
| wear – wore – worn – wearing | memakai |
| weave – wove – woven – weaving | menenun |
| wed – wed/wedded – wed/wedded – wedding | menikah, menikahkan |
| weep – wept – wept – weeping | menangis, meratapi |
| win – won – won – winning | menang |
| wind – wound – wound – winding | memutar, melilit |
| withdraw – withdrew – withdrawn – withdrawing | menarik |
| withhold – withheld – withheld – withholding | menahan |
| wring – wrung – wrung – wringing | memeras |
| write – wrote – written – writing | menulis |
***
Itulah pengertian dan contoh kata kerja tidak beraturan (Irregular Verb) beserta artinya. Cobalah buat contoh kalimat verb ya dengan menggunakan kata kerja tak beraturan tersebut.
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